Problem statement. Unintentional violations by a user of instructions for working with an information system, leading to information security threats (unintentional insider incidents), are a serious issue in the field of information security. The main cause of such violations is that, due to a certain psycho-emotional state of the user, a deviation in behavior occurs, and the user may make mistakes both in choosing and in working with system interface elements: for example, entering confidential data into "open" fields. The aim of this work is to describe a software tool for modeling, developed based on the author's system interface model and instructions. Research methods: computer modeling, software engineering, experiment. The result: in addition to the very fact of creating a software tool, its operability has been proven in terms of modeling the interface in an information system and instructions for working with it, as well as the visibility of the resulting graphical representation. The practical significance lies in the fact that this tool allows you to implement a method to counteract the deviation of user behavior by solving the optimization problem of clarifying instructions in terms of the specification of the description of interface elements; at the same time, this task is multi-criteria, since increasing the content of instructions leads to the opposite effect - complicating its perception by humans.

The purpose of the study is to determine the reliability of an employee of a critical information infrastructure entity involved in implementing measures to respond to computer incidents and eliminate the consequences of computer attacks on significant objects of the specified infrastructure, as well as to assess the feasibility of using this parameter to characterize the employee in decision support systems. As part of the solution to the problem of assigning responsible employees to implement measures to respond to computer incidents and eliminate the consequences of computer attacks, a methodological approach has been proposed to determine the reliability of the employee responsible for implementing the computer incident response plan. Practical experimental studies have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of the actions of employees of critical information infrastructure entities with different qualifications and skills. As a result of the study, an approach is proposed to calculate the main indicators of the performer's qualifications and skills, as well as to use the obtained indicators when solving the task of assigning performers (the assignment problem), which will reduce the time required to respond to a computer incident and eliminate the consequences of a computer attack. The obtained results allow for the reasonable formation of requirements for the qualifications and skills of personnel in the security forces of significant critical information infrastructure facilities and ensure the interchangeability of performers. The practical significance lies in solving the problem of optimal distribution (assignment) of an executor, taking into account their qualifications and skills, when responding to computer incidents and eliminating the consequences of computer attacks.

Problem statement. Ultra-wideband real-time local positioning systems use pulsed radio signals with an effective spectrum width of at least 500 MHz for data transmission. They feature high localization accuracy (10–30 cm) and transmission speeds (up to 27.24 Mbps, with potential for growth to 480 Mbps). This makes them an essential component in building multi-purpose systems for monitoring the movements of people and vehicles, access control (without barriers), including access to hazardous areas, etc. However, the range of such systems rapidly decreases with increasing bit rate and is also dependent on many other factors. At the same time, a universal system must be fast enough to solve problems such as vehicle collision avoidance, robot control, etc. Under these conditions, the successful application of ultra-wideband solutions requires an operational mechanism for evaluating key system parameters depending on a host of influencing factors, such as signal spectral characteristics, equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) spectral density standards, transceiver settings, permissible bit error rates, etc. The goal of the work is to study the factors influencing the key parameters of ultra-wideband local positioning systems in real time and, based on this, develop an evaluation model of the transmission process as a tool for system design and maintenance. Methods used: analysis of data on influencing factors, construction and superposition of a propagation loss model and radio link budget models, working with a common model, and deriving patterns of key parameter changes at boundary values of the influencing factors. Novelty. A single common model systematizes the factors of two types of models that influence transmission range. Result. A tool for designing and maintaining ultra-wideband real-time local positioning systems has been developed, enabling prediction of their behavior under different combinations of influencing factors, in particular, ensuring maximum range at a given bit rate. Practical significance. The presented study can be used as a methodological support for classes introducing ultra-wideband real-time local positioning systems and estimating their range depending on the transmission rate and other factors.

Relevance. In the current conditions of telecommunications development, the shortwave band retains its significance as a cost-effective solution for long-range communication. At the same time, the existing methods of signal processing in HF channels require improvement in efficiency in the conditions of a complex ionospheric environment. The use of machine learning technologies opens up new opportunities for improving the quality of communication. The purpose of the study is to improve the quality of communication in the short-wave (SW) channel by applying machine learning methods for predicting ionospheric parameters and demodulating signals using OFDM technologies. The research methods include the simulation of LSTM-networks for predicting ionospheric parameters, as well as the application of convolutional (CNN) and multilayer perceptrons (MLP) for demodulating signals. The work uses quality metrics such as RMSE and BER, as well as ITU-R P.533-14 recommendations for modeling signal propagation conditions.The scientific novelty lies in a comprehensive approach to improving communication quality in the HF channel, which combines ionospheric parameter forecasting with machine learning techniques for signal demodulation. A comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of various neural network architectures in the HF channel is proposed. The results of the study showed that the use of CNN-demodulators provides the best signal reception quality at low SNR values, demonstrating a gain of up to 2.5 dB compared to the classical correlation method. LSTM-networks showed high efficiency in predicting the maximum applicable frequencies and other ionospheric parameters. The practical significance of this work is to develop methods for improving the quality of communication in the HF band, which can be used to create adaptive radio communication systems with automatic selection of operating frequencies and modulation parameters.

The relevance of this work is driven by the growing contradiction between the dynamic labor market requirements for IT competencies and the inertia of the higher education system, which calls for a systemic rather than fragmented approach to integrating IT Skills technology into the digital educational environment. The goal of the study is a systemic conceptualization of the problem field of integrating IT Skills technology into the digital educational environment of a specialized university. The research methods include theoretical analysis and synthesis of scientific literature and practical integration experience, a systemic approach that examines content, architectural, and interface aspects in their interrelation, as well as conceptual modeling methodology to substantiate the structure of information functional support for integration. The main result of the study is the systematization of three key problems –content validity, architectural compatibility, and the organization of human machine interaction – considered not in isolation but as an interconnected complex that forms a systemic barrier to the formation of relevant IT competencies in students. Based on this analysis, the object, subject, and hypothesis of the research are formulated, and three anticipated scientific outcomes are identified: a system of integration principles, an information functional architecture for the IT Skills module, and an interface organization method aimed at reducing cognitive barriers. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that, unlike existing approaches that treat content, architectural, and interface integration problems separately and propose partial solutions, this study is the first to identify and substantiate the systemic nature of these problems. The theoretical significance consists in substantiating the structure of information functional support for integration and establishing the key condition for successful integration of IT Skills technology into the digital educational environment – a system of principles that reconciles labor market requirements with pedagogical ergonomics. The practical significance is determined by the fact that the formulated hypothesis and anticipated scientific outcomes form a vector based “roadmap” for the subsequent development and implementation of information functional support aimed at overcoming the identified barriers.

Purpose. The .NET Framework technology stack is widely used in agricultural research for mathematical modeling of agroecosystems. One of the most relevant areas of research is ensemble computations. Conducting such research requires a lightweight remote procedure call (RPC) mechanism that enables efficient network communication between applications. Methods. .NET Framework technology stack with previously developed RW.Ring platform libraries; object-oriented programming; techniques for working with TCP and HTTP network protocols; methods for building service-oriented architecture. Results. The developed module supports various methods of network interaction: remote procedure calls (RPC) and binary commands, as well as their integration into the client-server architecture. The module's advantages over WCF technology are highlighted: high performance, code compactness, minimization of computational resources, and flexibility in adapting to various tasks. The module supports TCP and HTTP protocols, enabling developers to tailor it for processing large data volumes, including serialization and user authentication. Examples of the module's application in agroecosystem research are provided, where it enables analysis of climate change impacts on crop yields while reducing the costs of field experiments. The module simplifies integration into distributed systems, optimizes resource usage, and supports real-time field research. The scientific novelty lies in developing a lightweight alternative to traditional network interaction technologies, reducing overhead and enhancing performance. A more universal binary command mechanism is proposed to complement the traditional service-oriented architecture. Its practical significance is evident in improving the efficiency of researchers handling large datasets and supporting decision-making in agriculture. The module integrates with remote sensing systems for automated photo analysis, expanding its applications in the agroindustrial sector. The RW.Ring platform significantly contributes to the development of digital technologies for agriculture, offering an innovative approach to organizing distributed computations and network interactions, making it a promising tool for international scientific collaborations.

Relevance. The modern educational space is undergoing a transformation due to global digitalization, the development of information technology and the need to improve the quality of education. The purpose of the article is to develop a modified architecture of the digital educational environment to increase the effectiveness of the intellectual implementation of the educational process. The implementation of adaptive interaction of participants in the educational process is carried out through the components of intellectual support with an assessment of the results of interaction for subsequent decision-making in the learning process using the example of the structure of higher education institutions. Methods. Structural and functional analysis was used to identify the functions of the considered subsystems of the digital environment. To develop a conceptual representation of the architecture of the educational environment, modeling was applied taking into account the logical connections between the components of the environment. Result. The article analyzes the basic components of the architecture of digital environments of educational organizational structures, and develops a modified architecture of the digital educational environment for intelligent support of the educational process. The scientific novelty lies in the development of a modified architecture of the digital environment with the justification of information and communication components for the implementation of intellectual interaction of participants in the educational process. The practical significance is manifested in increasing the effectiveness of adaptive interaction of participants in the educational process through intellectual support based on a modified architecture of the digital educational environment with information and communication components.

Purpose. Developing a development concept for mineral fertilizer production enterprises aimed at improving integrated automated information and analytical support systems for decision-making processes across all stages of production. The objective of the work is to present the developed development concept for JSC Apatit, aimed at improving information and analytical support for mineral fertilizer production to increase the efficiency of this process. Novelty. The novelty of the developed concept lies in ensuring the innovative nature of production management by creating the possibility of complete information and analytical support for the processes of development and decision-making at all stages of production. Results. A development concept for JSC Apatit has been developed, proposing improvements to information and analytical support for production, which will ensure its innovative nature through the use of intelligent digital technologies. The initial results of the concept's implementation are presented, including the developed ZIIOT Industrial Internet of Things platform, ZIAK MES basic digitalization components, and the EXTERNUM distributed control system. To achieve the development concept's goals, an end-to-end procedure for information and analytical support for production was developed based on the Zyfra IIOT Platform digital platform, the Zyfra Industrial Automation Kit, and intelligent technologies. Practical relevance. The implementation of the concept will improve the efficiency and validity of decisions on managing the production of mineral fertilizers, reduce costs and losses, improve interaction between all production units, and increase the efficiency of personnel.

Relevance. In the field of communications technologies, the use of digital twins remains a relatively new direction. Their implementation in network infrastructure and communication systems is still not fully explored: established approaches, standards, and a unified methodology for deployment and operation in networks are lacking; nevertheless, interest in them is rapidly growing. Purpose of the work ‒ to study the existing experience of using digital twins by communication operators. Result. An analysis of real scenarios for the use of digital twins for telecommunications operators' tasks is presented. A comparative analysis of the vision of digital twin technologies from the perspective of organizations such as ITU, IETF, and 3GPP is also provided.

Problem statement. Ultra-wideband technologies based on the transmission of pulsed signals with a spectral width of 500 MHz and higher, unlike other wireless communication technologies (Wi-Fi, BLE, nanoNET), provide high localization accuracy (10–30 cm) and bit rates (up to 27.24 Mbps with potential for growth) for local positioning. However, the transmission range rapidly decreases with increasing bit rate, and the increase in transmitter power is limited by the standards for the spectral density of equivalent isotropically radiated power. Nevertheless, due to their advantages, ultra-wideband technologies are in high demand for solving problems such as collision avoidance for moving vehicles, robot control, providing access to hazardous equipment, and, in general, for building multi-task real-time positioning systems. Therefore, there is currently a rapid adoption of ultra-wideband real-time positioning systems or hybrid systems that necessarily incorporate ultra-wideband solutions, despite their relatively high cost. At the same time, chip manufacturers and system designers are constantly improving their key parameters: localization accuracy, transmission speed, and range. Ultra-wideband modules are also integrated into smartphones and enable high-precision navigation and the search for tag-enabled items. Under these conditions, it is crucial for designers to understand the capabilities and limitations of ultra-wideband positioning, correctly assess the impact of influencing factors, and the development trends of the regulatory and component base. This work is intended to formulate methodological aspects of this understanding, which is its relevance. The goal of the work is to explore the possibilities of improving the key parameters of ultra-wideband real-time positioning systems through tuning methods for the purposes of design and maintenance. Methods used: analysis of regulatory and component development trends, study of the influence of transmission parameters and spectral characteristics of signals on key parameters of ultra-wideband real-time positioning systems, and exploration of the capabilities of different modes and settings. Novelty: control parameters affecting the transmission range of ultra-wideband signals without sacrificing bit rate are systematized. Result: the identified relationships between module settings and key parameters of ultra-wideband real-time positioning systems will improve the operational characteristics of the implemented systems. Practical significance: the presented research can be used to support classes on the study of scenarios for the construction and operation of ultra-wideband real-time positioning systems, the selection of the best transmission modes, spectral structures of signals, settings, and component base for various tasks during system design and maintenance.