Сообщение

A Study of Control Methods for Improving Key Parameters of Ultra-Wideband Real-Time Local Positioning Systems

 
 orcid Anton Belov,  orcid Ekaterina Khutornaya

Saint Petersburg State Marine Technical University,
St. Petersburg, 190121, Russian Federation

DOI 10.31854/2307-1303-2025-13-3-48-69

EDN YGYFAW

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Abstract

Problem statement. Ultra-wideband technologies based on the transmission of pulsed signals with a spectral width of 500 MHz and higher, unlike other wireless communication technologies (Wi-Fi, BLE, nanoNET), provide high localization accuracy (10–30 cm) and bit rates (up to 27.24 Mbps with potential for growth) for local positioning. However, the transmission range rapidly decreases with increasing bit rate, and the increase in transmitter power is limited by the standards for the spectral density of equivalent isotropically radiated power. Nevertheless, due to their advantages, ultra-wideband technologies are in high demand for solving problems such as collision avoidance for moving vehicles, robot control, providing access to hazardous equipment, and, in general, for building multi-task real-time positioning systems. Therefore, there is currently a rapid adoption of ultra-wideband real-time positioning systems or hybrid systems that necessarily incorporate ultra-wideband solutions, despite their relatively high cost. At the same time, chip manufacturers and system designers are constantly improving their key parameters: localization accuracy, transmission speed, and range. Ultra-wideband modules are also integrated into smartphones and enable high-precision navigation and the search for tag-enabled items. Under these conditions, it is crucial for designers to understand the capabilities and limitations of ultra-wideband positioning, correctly assess the impact of influencing factors, and the development trends of the regulatory and component base. This work is intended to formulate methodological aspects of this understanding, which is its relevance. The goal of the work is to explore the possibilities of improving the key parameters of ultra-wideband real-time positioning systems through tuning methods for the purposes of design and maintenance. Methods used: analysis of regulatory and component development trends, study of the influence of transmission parameters and spectral characteristics of signals on key parameters of ultra-wideband real-time positioning systems, and exploration of the capabilities of different modes and settings. Novelty: control parameters affecting the transmission range of ultra-wideband signals without sacrificing bit rate are systematized. Result: the identified relationships between module settings and key parameters of ultra-wideband real-time positioning systems will improve the operational characteristics of the implemented systems. Practical significance: the presented research can be used to support classes on the study of scenarios for the construction and operation of ultra-wideband real-time positioning systems, the selection of the best transmission modes, spectral structures of signals, settings, and component base for various tasks during system design and maintenance.

Keywords

ultra-short pulses, ultra-wideband communication, local real-time positioning system

Reference for citation

Belov A., Khutornaya E. A Study of Control Methods for Improving Key Parameters of Ultra-Wideband Real-Time Local Positioning Systems // Telecom IT. 2025. Vol. 13. Iss. 3. PP. 48‒69 (in Russian). DOI: 10.31854/2307-1303-2025-13-3-48-69. EDN: YGYFAW
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