Научный журнал «ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И ТЕЛЕКОММУНИКАЦИИ»
Сообщение
2024, Vol. 12, Iss. 4 |
|
Digital Twins as an Object and Tool of Information Security
|
|
E. Mitaykov
|
|
Abstract: Problem Statement. In the context of rapid digitalization of the economy and public administration, ensuring the information security (IS) of critical information infrastructure (CII) has become an increasingly urgent task. CII includes facilities that play a key role in the functioning of vital sectors of society such as energy, transportation, healthcare, industry, and others. As these systems grow in complexity, the need arises for advanced technologies to ensure their protection. One such tool is the use of digital twins (DTs), which enable the modeling of threats and the testing of security measures. However, the integration of DTs into IS tasks within CII encounters a number of challenges that must be addressed for the effective implementation of this technology. The aim of this study is to identify the key challenges associated with the use of digital twins in the context of CII information security. Methods. The research employs the analysis of standards, classification of problems by category (technical, organizational, legal), and evaluation of DT usage scenarios within CII. Novelty. This work identifies new aspects of DT application within CII, particularly related to model characteristics, as well as issues of verification and integrity control of digital models. Security concerns are addressed, including risks associated with open APIs and telemetry channels, which may serve as vectors for attacks. A set of measures is proposed to overcome these challenges, including the development of regulatory standards for DT usage and the enhancement of professional training. Results. Key challenges have been identified and classified into the following categories: technical, security-related, organizational, legal, and those arising from incorrect usage. Each category encompasses specific issues, the consequences of which range from modeling errors and reduced protection efficiency to threats of critical infrastructure compromise and loss of trust in the technology. Theoretical / Practical Significance. The results of this study contribute to improving approaches to ensuring the information security of CII through the use of digital twins. The proposed recommendations for addressing identified challenges can be used to enhance the reliability, safety, and effectiveness of DT implementation and operation in CII systems.
Keywords: information security, critical information infrastructure, digital twin, data synchronization, threat modelling.
DOI 10.31854/2307-1303-2024-12-4-1-12
|
|
Application of Open Digital Architecture for Creating Integrated Digital Ecosystems
|
|
K. Belozerov, D. Ganyushin, R. Zaidullin, S. Kislyakov
|
|
Abstract: The aim of this work is to develop a methodology for modeling and deploying an integrated digital ecosystem based on the concept of Open Digital Architecture (ODA) to modernize telecommunication systems. The research is based on the use of modern containerization and orchestration technologies, including Docker, Kubernetes, and Helm, as well as on the application of standardized APIs to ensure seamless integration of microservices. The methodology involves the step-by-step creation and packaging of services into containers, their automated deployment in a Kubernetes cluster, and configuration management using Helm charts. The conducted testing confirmed the correctness of component interactions and the system's resilience under varying operating conditions. The novelty of the research lies in the comprehensive approach that combines the principles of ODA with automation and orchestration technologies, thereby reducing the time required for the deployment of new services and lowering operational costs. The practical significance of this work is determined by the potential application of the developed model for optimizing telecommunication network management, enhancing their flexibility, and adapting to dynamic load changes. The research conclusions indicate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for creating adaptive digital ecosystems, which opens up prospects for further development of monitoring tools and predictive analytics in the context of modern telecommunication infrastructure.
Keywords: Open Digital Architecture (ODA), digital ecosystem, containerization, orchestration, Kubernetes, Helm, microservices.
DOI 10.31854/2307-1303-2024-12-4-13-21
|
|
Positioning of Devices in LTE networks. Part 3. Analysis of Correlation Functions for Reference Signals
|
|
H. C. Hua, G. Fokin, K. Ryutin
|
|
Abstract: Purpose: In modern LTE networks, especially in urban and indoor conditions, the accuracy of device positioning often decreases due to the limitations of existing methods, such as A-GNSS and Cell-ID. This is due to the lack of direct visibility of satellites and low accuracy of cell identification. This study is devoted to the analysis of the correlation functions of synchronization signals and reference signals in LTE networks to optimize the process of time delay estimation. The objective of the work is to study the autocorrelation function (ACF) of synchronization signals and reference signals to improve the accuracy of device positioning. The work includes the development of a mathematical model for ACF estimation, analysis of the influence of pilot subcarrier distribution, the number of resource blocks and other system parameters on the ACF characteristics, and assessment of their impact on the accuracy of time delay determination. Methods: The study applied the methods of OFDM signal modeling, LTE signal structure analysis at the physical layer and mathematical calculations of the time delay based on the autocorrelation function of reference signals using the maximum likelihood (ML) method. Novelty: The novelty of the work lies in the mathematical formalization of the ACF estimate of the reference signals, depending on the frequency bandwidth with a scientific justification of the potential accuracy of the primary measurements of the signal arrival time in the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. Results: the study shows that an increase in the number of resource blocks leads to a narrowing of the main lobe of the ACF, which improves the accuracy of the primary measurements of the signal arrival time. Uniform distribution of pilot subcarriers in the reference signals causes the appearance of periodic correlation peaks, which also contributes to a more accurate estimate of the signal parameters. Theoretical / Practical significance: The theoretical significance of the work lies in the development of a mathematical model for calculating the ACF for LTE reference signals, which serves as a basis for assessing the accuracy of primary measurements of the signal arrival time, including subsequent comparison with the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB). The practical significance lies in the scientific substantiation of the required LTE signal frequency bands to achieve a given accuracy of primary measurements of the signal arrival time in LTE networks, as well as for the development of similar models in 5G networks with OFDM signals.
Keywords: 4G LTE, MATLAB, correlation function, OFDM, primary measurement accuracy estimation, positioning, time delay, synchronization signal, reference signal.
DOI 10.31854/2307-1303-2024-12-4-22-37
|
|
Choosing a Method for Implementing a Local Navigation System for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
|
|
S. Shalunov, A. Kurochkin, E. Izmesteva
|
|
Abstract: Discussion. Local navigation systems are diverse and have characteristic features that need to be grouped and classified. Classification is necessary to determine the steps of developing a method and implementing a system in the form of equipment. Purpose: formation of criteria for the local navigation system of unmanned aerial vehicles, taking into account the analysis of existing systems. Methods: structuring and describing well-known local navigation systems according to a single template, identifying common features, grouping them into groups based on similarity of features, testing the result using the example of using classification as a basis for advancing system requirements. Results. A system of criteria for a local navigation system for use in unmanned aerial vehicles. The angular-difference-rangefinder method with a set of parameters was chosen as the most suitable for the requirements of a local navigation system for unmanned aerial vehicles. Novelty: classification system for local navigation systems by selected groups of features is proposed, and a system of requirements for local navigation systems is proposed, taking into account the technical features of unmanned vehicles. Practical relevance: the study provided scientifically based requirements for a local navigation system, which further minimize the time needed to develop this system.
Keywords: classification, local positioning system, local navigation system, navigation system, unmanned aerial vehicle.
DOI 10.31854/2307-1303-2024-12-4-38-50
|
|
Ultra-Wideband Communication Channel Modelling and Analyses
|
|
S. Kokin, O. Simonina
|
|
Abstract: The problem statement is that existing ultra-wideband (UWB) communications operate within a range of 3.1 to 10 GHz, but there are difficulties in reducing the frequency. This necessitates the development of a UWB channel model to determine optimal parameters. The aim of this project is to create a model for a UWB communication system and compare its key parameters, such as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and bit error rate (BER). Methods used include UWB modelling for different modulation schemes, including BPSK, QPSK, and QAM, as well as QAM16 and QAM64. A bit error coefficient analysis was also conducted, along with SNR analysis. Novelty. A mathematical model of an ultra-wideband channel has been proposed, and its diagram has been developed in the Simulink environment. Results. A UWB model was developed that can be used in further research. The evaluation of the model is based on two key parameters: BER and SNR, with QPSK being the most promising modulation scheme for UWB. The theoretical and practical significance of this research lies in evaluating key performance indicators and providing a basis for future development.
Keywords: UWB, bit error rate, digital modulation, signal-to-noise ratio.
DOI 10.31854/2307-1303-2024-12-4-51-63
|
© SPbSUT © Authors
Авторизация
